The evolving nature of masculine and feminine roles in relationships Research Paper

The evolving nature of masculine and feminine roles in relationships - Research Paper Example Thornton, Axinn, and Xie observe that there are emerging cases where couples prefer cohabitation to legalised marriages based on their personal experiences, circumstances attitudes and family history (Thornton, Axinn, and Xie 36). Masculinity and femininity are socially determined components of gender. They define behaviours and characteristics observable in either male or female beings. Many times masculinity is associated with maleness while femininity is associated with femaleness Masculinity and femininity being a component of gender is a complex issue. According to Lippa, the concepts surrounding the subject of masculinity and femininity transform over time. Some of the factors responsible for these changes include family influences, biological influences, social influences, cultural influences, peer influences and individual feelings and influences. There is proving that parental socialization of boys and girls in interaction with biological predispositions defines how boys and girls interact with their peers. These interactions determine the femininity or masculinity characteristics that children adopt during their development (Lippa 187). There has been a transformation in the social perceptions of what it means to be feminine. Traditionally femininity entails being nice, submissive, unengaged and reliance. Masculinity and femininity determine the interaction among peers. Masculinity and femininity has also been associated with personal interest. According to psychologists individuals who exhibit masculine characteristics tend to show interest in mechanical and scientific subjects whereas individuals exhibiting feminine characteristics enjoy cultural and art related subjects (Lippa 44). Lippa argued that there are arguments that femininity is considered good for men and masculinity is considered good for women. This concept stands to explain the evolving nature of masculinity and femininity into instrumental traits and expressive traits. Instrumental tr aits include independence, dominance, assertiveness, and leadership abilities whereas expressive traits include sympathy, warmth, sensitivity and compassion. The instrumental traits define masculinity whereas the expressive traits define femininity. The instrumental traits explain why there are women who take up huge roles like taking care of the family, pursuing competitive such as managerial positions and politics. Individuals with expressive traits are considered feminine (Lippa 45). Men who possess expressive traits tend conform to feminine roles. Men who possess expressive traits taking up careers that are considered feminine such as nursing, teaching, and art related careers. Men with expressive traits have no problem raising taking care of the family while their women work to provide for the family. Roughgarden states that culture and society are responsible for imposing on individuals the appropriate way of expressing their sexual identity. According to Roughgarden masculini ty and femininity defines appearance, and behaviour humans. Roughgarden states that masculinity and femininity determines how an organism carious out a sexual role. Biologically masculinity and femininity differentiates the the characteristics possessed by males and females. However, Roughgarden points out the cross gender manifestation and behaviour is acceptable (Roughgarden 28). Roughgarden

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic management - Essay Example The products of the company are sold in the market with various brand names like Audi, Skoda, SEAT, Bentley, Bugatti, Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, Lamborghini, Bugatti, and so on. The company’s business activities are mainly operated in the geographical locations of North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and South America. The organisation is headquartered at Wolfsburg, Germany and was founded in the year 1937 (Yahoo Finance, 2012a). The shares of Volkswagen are publicly traded in the Frankfurt Stock Exchange with the ticker symbol â€Å"VOW†. The company is found to have strategic alliances with other leading companies like Porsche AG, Chrystal Group, Daimler AG, etc. At present it is considered to be the market leader in the car manufacturing industry of Europe (Yahoo Finance, 2012b). This study entails about identifying and evaluating the business strategies followed by Volkswagen to maintain its leadership position in the market. Various strategic tools like PESTEL and SWOT analysis have been performed in this study to gain understanding and knowledge about the micro and macro environment factors having an impact on the company and how it has managed to become profitable and sustainable in the given market environment. Market Identification Volkswagen Group operates its business in the global automotive industry and has successfully managed to maintain its leadership position in the market through effective management of available resources in the industry. Porter’s five forces model helps an organization to assess the competitive forces which exists within the industry (Hill & Jones, 2012, p. 49). The forces which help in the process are named as a) threat of new entrants, b) threat from the substitute products or services, c) bargaining power of the suppliers, d) bargaining power of the consumers, and e) competition within the industry (Society for Human Resource Management (U.S.), 2006, p. 38-39). As regards the Volkswagen Group, co mprehensive analyses of these market forces existing in the global automotive industry have been discussed as given below: A. Buyer Power: The buyer power in the automotive industry is weak because it is mainly dominated by a small number of car manufacturers like Volkswagen, Ford, and General Motors. The primary buyers are the dealers and they are forced to sell the product brands that are preferred by the consumers in a particular market. Moreover, it is difficult for the dealers to integrate backwards because of different nature of the industry that requires high capital investment to manufacture products that are sold by them to the end customers. B. Supplier Power: The key inputs that are required by the automobile manufacturers like Volkswagen include certain commodities like metals and other fabricated components. These raw materials are sourced by the car manufacturers from outside suppliers who are mostly large multinational companies having a strong presence in the market. This increases the supplier power in the market. However, the supplier power is weakened due to low differentiation of raw materials required by the car manufacturers. Hence, overall the supplier power is moderate in nature. C. Threat of New Entrants: If we speak of the threat of new entrants in the market it can be adjudged as low because brand value plays a vital role in the industry and it is difficult for the new players to establish their brand reputation immediately after entering into the market. Companies

The Dangers of Radiological Energy

The Dangers of Radiological Energy Lakyma Taylor Christian Fought Throughout history, scientific advancement in energy has enhanced civilization. As civilization grows, so does the increase in energy sources. Many of those advancements people rely on. Society enjoys the fruits of someone elses labor without knowing intricate details about how lethal some of these energy source can be. The Chernobyl incident emphasizes the dangers that the use of nuclear and radiological energy can have. The Chernobyl incident, caused irreversible change on the environment and its community. On April 26, 1986, rupture in a reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and caused an explosion. This explosion caused a fire and released large quantities of radioactive contamination into the atmosphere miles from the city Chernobyl. Because of the explosion, an uncontrolled fire began and lasted two weeks. This burn of radioactive material released more than one billion curies around the northern hemisphere. Per The Other Report on Chernobyl, Chernobyl was 200 times that of the combined releases from the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki (Fairlie). This fact shows the devastation that the people in this region were dealing with. This unhealthy dose of radiation exposure caused the displacement of many people. Many citizens were advised to evacuate. Many abandon their homes and fled to regions where radiation doses were high. Radiation being invisible, forced people unknowingly to migrate into these regions with high radioactivity. The countries initially exposed to radiation were Russia, Belarus and the Ukraine. This exposer increased the risk to the publics health in these neighboring countries.      Ã‚   This catastrophic event exposed numerous people to radiation. The capacity of exposed radiation was enormous, accident of 1986 released vast quantities of radioactive materials and significantly contaminated about 200,000 square kilometers of land (Mousseau). Acute radiation syndrome caused the death of over 30 Chernobyl plant workers and first responders a few days and weeks after initial exposure. Per the NRC and UNSCEAR More than 6,000 cases of thyroid cancer may eventually be linked to radiation exposure in Ukraine, Belarus and Russia (Lallanilla). Acute radiation is an illness that causes digestive problems to include, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. This exposure to radiation has complicating effects on the nervous system, heart, and lungs. Some studies show an increased in West Germany, Greece and Belarus of childhood leukemia from the Chernobyl incident. These children were likely exposed to high dose of radiation which can damage genes and chromosomes. Thyroid cancer is very rar e in children, this rapid increase was surely related to the Chernobyl nuclear disaster. This transpired among the young adolescents at the time of the accident. Accordingly young children exposed lived in the areas of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine which were the most contaminated at the time. Many adults exposed also suffered from thyroid cancer to include leukemia. Leukemia has the highest radiation related relative risk of all cancers when exposed in early childhood. These developments are awful long lasting remnants of what this catastrophe did to people. Exposer to the agriculture and the environment due to radiation was apparent. A large percentage of the area was used for farming, the forest and bodies of water were also contaminated. The exclusion zone received the highest level of radiation. This is the area were plants and animals inhabited. Radioactive material remain in the soil, which contaminated the plants that grazing animals fed, then transferred to the milk and meat. This led to more exposure to people and restrictions on the consumption of food contaminated dealing with transportation and production related to the incident incident. This contamination caused adverse health reactions whichd caused people to become sick. Animals in the region have done well. The abandonment of the area allowed, the exclusion zone to become a thriving ecosystem. This abandonment allowed plants and animals to flourish without the influence of human disturbance. Animals such as beaver, moose, brown bear wolves and lynx have been successful a dapting in this environment. It has been difficult to determine how the animals respond directly from the radiation. Species richness and abundance of animals can be affected by numerous environmental factors other than radiation (Mousseau). Some research on wildlife reveal subtle changes, with no effects on longevity or reproduction. In many cases a lot more research is needed to determine how the effects of radiation have challenged many animals in this ecosystem. This exposure to radiation changed the lives of many. Many of these changes and challenges affected so many because of this horrific event. Extensive radioactive materials was released resulting in a radioactive cloud that spread over much of Europe. This radiation exposure transformed a community to include the people, animals and the environment in which they coexisted. The circumstances of this event made more aware of the contributing dangers that nuclear energy is capable of. The drastic change and dynamic of effects left unforgettable images for those who experienced it. Since this event compelling progress has happened in the developments of stricter safety and health guidelines relevant to issues regarding radiation protection. References   Ã‚   Fairlie, Ian PhD, UK. David Sumner, DPhil, UK. THE OTHER REPORT ON CHERNOBYL (TORCH). PHD Thesis. Berlin, Brà ¼ssel, London: Greens/EFA in the European Parliament, 2006. Document. Lallanilla, Marc. Chernobyl: Facts About the Nuclear Disaster . Live Science (2013): 1. . Mousseau, A.P Moller T.A. Species richness and abundance of forest birds in relation to radiation at Chernobyl. Biology letters (2007): 483-486. document.

Essay --

2) The Three Main Fashion Centres Within France Paris, Lyon and Marseille are not only the three largest cities in France, but they are also the main fashion centres in the country. Each city has played a unique role in shaping France as a fashion mecca. France has been called the world fashion capital for many decades. France’s capital and largest city, Paris is home some of the world’s most elite French fashion houses. The Golden Triangle is a name given to Avenue Champs- Élysà ©es, Avenue Marceau, and Avenue Montaigne, the main districts for luxury shopping in Paris. These areas boast stores of the highest names in fashion such as Chanel, Dior, Hermes, Louis Vuitton, Christian Louboutin, Balmain and many more. There are also many high-end department stores like Printemps, Bon Marchà ©, and Les Galeries Lafayette, which draw thousands of locals and tourist every day. Other districts, like La Marais are home to many smaller boutiques, and much more affordable shops. It seems as though everywhere you turn in Paris, there are luxurious fashion houses, contemporary boutiques, and unique t... Essay -- 2) The Three Main Fashion Centres Within France Paris, Lyon and Marseille are not only the three largest cities in France, but they are also the main fashion centres in the country. Each city has played a unique role in shaping France as a fashion mecca. France has been called the world fashion capital for many decades. France’s capital and largest city, Paris is home some of the world’s most elite French fashion houses. The Golden Triangle is a name given to Avenue Champs- Élysà ©es, Avenue Marceau, and Avenue Montaigne, the main districts for luxury shopping in Paris. These areas boast stores of the highest names in fashion such as Chanel, Dior, Hermes, Louis Vuitton, Christian Louboutin, Balmain and many more. There are also many high-end department stores like Printemps, Bon Marchà ©, and Les Galeries Lafayette, which draw thousands of locals and tourist every day. Other districts, like La Marais are home to many smaller boutiques, and much more affordable shops. It seems as though everywhere you turn in Paris, there are luxurious fashion houses, contemporary boutiques, and unique t...

Quality Of Outpatient Service Design Health And Social Care Essay

In Malaysia health-care design, developing spacial design is considered as one of the most of import undertakings in the preliminary design phase. In effect, the result of the design gives an impact to quality of service design. The choice of quality appraisal is of import in support of the mission and criterions of Malaysia health-care services. It is associated with a delivered a user-friendly, efficient and effectual service to the patient. Hence the serviceability construct is attached to user ‘s perspective rating really appropriate as a measuring. In these fortunes, the functions of installation direction are to understand and be sensitive in this issue. In add-on the installation directors are responsible in making and bettering the design every bit good as the service meets its best map and organisation mission. The intent of this paper is to reexamine and understanding the † serviceability construct † and â€Å" Usability method † as an appraisal the quality of architecture in- usage † . On top of that is to understand the useable method to mensurate health-care services. This paper will be concentrating on three serviceability cardinal factors ; efficiency, effectivity and users ‘ satisfaction. This overview will assist research workers in their hereafter survey to look into the relationships between the spacial design and â€Å" usability constructs † . This is done by taking into considerations the user experience and outlook of the outpatient spacial design in Malaysia public infirmary. { 10pt infinite } Keywords: outpatient spacial design rating, quality in-use, serviceability construct. { 10pt infinite } { 10pt infinite } { 10pt infinite } INTRODUCTION { Arial 10pt BOLD } { 10pt infinite } { 10pt infinite } The International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) defines serviceability is a merchandise as â€Å" the extent to which the merchandises can be used by specified users to accomplish specified ends in the specific context of usage with the peculiar environment † . ISO besides pointed out that serviceability is measured based on the three basic parametric quantities ; effectivity, efficiency and satisfaction ( Blakstad, 2008 ; Alexander, 2008 ; Fenker, 2008 ) . Hence usability rating is all about users experience and feedback to the design and environment. It is besides associated between human experience and its influence on people ‘s apprehensions of a design or installations in-use and the dimension of context-of-use ( Chamorro-Koc,2009 ; Carr, 2010 ) . { 10pt infinite } The serviceability surveies started in the twelvemonth 1950s and emerging from assorted subjects backgrounds and Fieldss and is widely known in relation to applications within merchandise design, information engineering and Human Computer Interaction ( Blakstad, 2008 ; Fenker,2008 ) .Hence it is related to user friendliness and functionality of the system or design meets user demands ( Jenso, 2006 ) . In a built-environment, it started by the Facilities Management field with the construct of duty of the Facility Manager to carry through the demand of stakeholders by cognizing the action and feedback from users experience to edifice in -use. It ‘s was introduced by International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction ( CIB ) Task Group 51 â€Å" Usability of edifices 2005 † , Workshop W111 – â€Å" serviceability of workplaces 2-2008 † and â€Å" serviceability of workplace 3- 2010 † has been established to use constructs of serviceability and to supply a better apprehension of the user experience. Why serviceability { Arial 10pt BOLD } { 10pt infinite } The chief focal point of Facilities Management ( FM ) has for a long clip been related to cost decreases, but in recent old ages, there is a alteration towards the demand for FM to make added value. It more focal points on the result of the procedures in FM and the effects that FM can make to better productiveness and functionality of the organisation and benefits for the stakeholders. Consequently, it related to betterment of environing, people and spacial relationships, societal, functional facet, environment and economic ( Jensen, 2010 ; Low Sui Pheng ; 1996, Diez ; 2009 ) . Therefore, to acquire a quality system or design and satisfied stakeholders involved the duties of the FM as the judge before and after the edifice occupied and during the designed procedure. From the organic structure of literature, there are assorted standards of appraisal involve in a built-environment, particularly related to healthcare sectors, including ; Healthcare design rating: Evidence based design: The rating of how design impact to patient results ( Cama ; 2009 ; Becker ; 2007 ; 2008, ) Post tenancy rating ( POE ) : The systematic rating attached to constructing public presentation and user satisfaction ( Ghazali ; 2010, De Jager ; 2008, Begum ; 2010 ) â€Å" Kansei † technology: The rating of quality design by intercession a users feeling and emotions to better future design. ( Harun ; 2008, Ayas ; 2008 ) Kano theoretical accounts: Related to satisfaction rating and design or service public presentation ( Mustafa, 2002 ) Design quality index ( DQI ) : The appraisal refers to user feedback with edifice building and edifice in usage as a usher for future design ( Volker ; 2010 ) Experimental Research: It associates to prove the variables which influence the topic or histrion by placing the results of the experiment. ( Said ; 2006, Surrenti ; 2009 ) Healthcare Service rating Theoretical and stochastic theoretical accounts: it is choice measurement theoretical accounts. Combination of Discrete Event Simulation ( DES ) and the informations of Patient Classification Systems ( PCSs ) The construct is based on a Staff-Patient Satisfaction Relation Model ( S-PSRM ) ( Komashie ; 2009 ) Service quality ( SERVQUAL ) : It is a measuring related to the spread between the client ‘s degree of outlook and how good they rated the service by looking at human facets and response to service provided ( reactivity, dependability, empathy and confidence ) ( Medabesh ; 2008, Bahari 2010 ) Service quality & A ; service useable ( SERVUSE ) : Human Factors and Usability in Service Quality Measurement ( by cognizing utilizations outlook and demands ) . Measure service quality through a study instrument termed SERVQUAL. ( Strawderman ; 2008 ; 2006 ) Service Excellence: measurement quality and excellence -direct service user input and engagement in the service planning and bringing procedure ( Abusaid ; 2007 ) Six Sigma -measurement for service quality: to better the nature, criterion and cost of public services as prosecuting a end near-perfection in run intoing client requirements-measurement for service quality ( Abdullah ; 2008 ) Additionally, most of the infirmary in Malaysia ‘s assessment determines on a quality direction system and to carry through the demands of ISO certification, which concentrating on audit and accreditation of a papers procedure. This can be seen on Malaysia Society for Quality in Health ( MSQH ) rating, which concerns on health care installations, services and in patient safety appraisal and ensures the uninterrupted quality betterment in health care. International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) , choice direction system ( QMS ) ensures that their internal procedures are able to run into their patients ‘ and applicable regulative demands in a consistent mode. All this is for bettering the quality of the service or the rating of design, installations or systems impact to the users or organisations. Besides that on top, we can reason this overall appraisal is attached to user satisfaction and organisation betterment. Otherwise serviceability besides touched on user satisfaction but more profoundly to users experience by cognizing in-depth their demands and outlook, which focus on the effectivity and efficiency of quality in-use.ARCHITECTURAL USABILITYIn Space is the machine, Hillier ( 1996, p. 129 ) clarifies that ‘the belongings of intelligibility [ aˆÂ ¦ ] means the grade to which what we can see from the infinite that make up the system [ aˆÂ ¦ ] . ‘ And further on ‘an unintelligible system is one where well-connected infinites are non good incorporate [ aˆÂ ¦ ] . ‘ With this in head, constellations of edifice layouts have great impact on the users ‘ behaviour. ( Vrachliotis ; aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦ ) Component layout plays an of import function in the design and serviceability of many technology merchandises. The layout job is besides classified under the headers of wadding, packaging, constellation, container dressing, palette burden or spacial agreement in the literature. The job involves the arrangement of constituents in an available infinite such that a set of nonsubjective scan be optimized while fulfilling optional spatial of public presentation restraints. The layout ends are normally formulated as nonsubjective maps. The aims may reflect the cost, quality, public presentation and service demands. Assorted restraints may be necessary to stipulate spacial relationships between constituents. The specifications of constituents, aims, restraints, and topological connexions define a layout job and an optimisation hunt algorithm takes the job preparation and identifies assuring solution by measuring design options and germinating design provinces. Analysis of aims and restraint s vary from job to job. Spatial knowledge and wayfinding research every bit good as design knowledge are good established as A?elds of research. It is however mostly unknown how designers ground when they try to incorporate manner finding-friendly factors into their designs. Weismans four factors, ocular entree, signage, architectural distinction and floor program complexness provide a comparatively general theoretical base. The function of architectural design on the perceptual experience and mental representation of infinite by worlds is investigated. The navigability and serviceability of reinforced infinite is consistently analyzed in the visible radiation of cognitive theories of spacial and navigational abilities of worlds. It is concluded that a edifice ‘s navigability and related wayfinding issues can profit from architectural design that takes into history basic consequences of spacial knowledge research. Architectural design of infinite has multiple maps. Architecture is designed to fulfill the different representational, functional, aesthetic, and emotional demands of organisations and the people who live or work in these constructions. The designed spacial environment can be seen as an of import tool in accomplishing a peculiar end, e.g. , making a finish or happening an issue in instance of exigency. ( Steffen WerneraˆÂ ¦.. ) Usability an appraisal of quality in-use { 10pt infinite } Serviceability is about user position on their experience. Those experiences are created non merely by elements which the supplier or direction can command, but besides by elements that are outside of the supplier control that effected end-users experience either positive or negative experience. From the organic structure of literature explain the assortment of experience: It involves the cognitive psychological science, act uponing, emotional reaction, and perceptual experience. However, experience influence by personal reading of a state of affairs based on cultural background, temper, esthesis and physical status. ( Verhoef, 2009 ; McGee, 2004 ; Pullman, 2003 ; Hekkert, 2006 ) . It is an event quality of experience. Harmonizing to Dewey ( 1963 ) it is understood as people ‘s comprehension of unrecorded events ensuing from their interaction with merchandises and their environment of usage. ( Pullman ; 2003 ) . It is attaching to sensation cognition ensuing from the interaction with different elements of a context of usage. ( Gupta ; 1999, Fenker, 2008 ) . It considered users find alone, memorable, sustainable over clip and knowing and promotes word of oral cavity. ( Pine, 1999 ) . It ‘s about the persons comparing their outlooks to the results generated by their interaction with a system, service or installations offered. It is an interrelated rhythm of trying to fulfill hopes, dreams, demands, and desires. ( Austere 2003, 2004 ; Hseih, 2009 ; Said,2007 ; Abdullah,2008 ; Alexander,2010 ; Alho, 2008 ; Garde, 2008 ; Hignett, 2009 ) . It ‘s an attitude on how users feel about their experience, while they ‘re utilizing it, how good it serves their intents and tantrums into the full context in which they are utilizing it † ( Alben 1996 ) .The manner it feels in their custodies, how good they understand how it works. Therefore, it can be concluded that usability surveies as a portion of a cultural phenomenon from understanding user ‘s experience. It is a portion of human behaviour activities and reaction survey or to value of terminal user satisfaction. Quality of experience is user ‘s outlooks that benefit to stop users, which influence to societal factors, emotional, and physical well being after deliver or reaction to plan or service. It impacted of a individual ‘s wellness on his or her ability to take a carry throughing their demands or life ( Carr ; 2001 ) . Quality can be defined as the mark that is intended to be reached. In the literature, there are several nomenclatures used to specify the term quality. Which is quality is a method of acknowledging, implementing, and entering good manners of action. Consequently, from a organic structure of usability literature in the built-environment, most of the rating is measured the values of users experience, and it related to ap praisal of quality in-use. ( as shows in table 1 ) . Table 1: Serviceability standards and results assessment in Built environmentAuthor/ focal pointServiceability standardsOutcomes -quality of experienceGranath ; 2008. Introducing the construct of usability-evaluate the results of design The consequence of the artefact Serviceability: Effectiveness ; can users complete undertakings, achieve ends with the merchandise. Efficiency ; user attempt does necessitate making the undertaking. Satisfaction ; the fulfilment of desire or a demand. Garde ; 2008 Quality design Patient country ; ( DfU and DfE ) Ambient experience The merchandises need to be operable for changing individuals with diverse. It depends on the backgrounds and users state of affairs. Comfortable-Ergonomic facets, Physical- and cognitive interaction Emotion -feel at place Handiness Aesthetics- feeling Easy to learn- user friendly Efficiency-distance Space of privateness Jenso ; 2008 Quality of design -patient focus-usability standards Flexibility: Area flexibleness Structural flexibleness Technical flexibleness Functionality: Operational functionality Structural functionality Ergonomic functionality Communicative functionality Adaptability- generalization – flexibleness – snap, Functionality-Usefulness, Accessibility, Aestheticss Identity ( internal ) -Image ( external ) , refering wellness, environment and safety, physical milieus, efficiency and cost in usage, and wellbeing and satisfaction among dwellers Voordt ; 2009 Quality architecture in usage design ( infirmary ) range ability ; handiness ; efficiency ; flexibleness ; safety ; spacial orientation ; privateness, territoriality & A ; societal contact ; wellness and physical wellbeing ; and Sustainability. relate chiefly to the user value of the edifice ( is it easy to utilize ) , to psychological wellbeing to physical wellbeing to environmental quality embracings useful, psychological and physical facets every bit good Rasila ; 2010 Journey experience serviceability dimensions that end-users utilize when they assess the serviceability of reinforced environments Dimensions: Efficiency Flexibility Learnability Memorability bar of mistakes Handiness Navigation Functionality Atmosphere Ocular design Interaction and feedback Satisfaction End product: Efficiency Flexibility Learnability Memorability Amount/tolerance/ bar of mistakes Handiness Navigation Functionality Atmosphere Interaction and feedback Servicescape Feeling secure Space Networks Alexander ; 2010 Quality acquisition environment Enjoyable Memorable Valuable. Co-learning, Co-production, Benefit to user, Connectivity, Healthy and safe, Eco footmark, Visually pleasing, meaningfulinstruction result:Increase equity and entree to instruction, Improve educational effectivity Raise degrees of accomplishment & A ; attainment. Strawderman ; 2008 ; 2006 Quality and serviceability of health care clinic service: SERVUSE, was created by modifying SERVQUAL Service quality: Dependability Tangibles Responsiveness Assurance Empathy 5 usability factors ; learn ability, efficiency, memorability, low mistakes. Satisfaction. Usability result: Excellent clinics – simple to utilize. Patients of first-class clinics will be able to larn how to utilize the system easy. Information sing first-class clinics will be easy to find. & amp ; easy to understand. Kazanasmaz,2006 design efficiency Spatial orientation layout & A ; motion, Size of infinite. Capacity of point ( bed ) Functional Classification of Spaces- Primary infinites, Secondary infinites and Circulation infinites Walking distances, spaced utilised, light strength, forms of motion, services. journeys ‘ frequence of happening, types of journeys, and distances Barlow ; 2007 Swanepoel ; 2010 Needs and Quality for future library design. interior public library to animate usage Serviceability affect by demographic and experience, which will impact their initial accomplishments. Functional and modern, aesthetically delighting, friendly design, gratifying and memorable experiences Way finding- Signage and initial orientation devices, handiness, acquaintance, landmark, user friendly, easy to utilize, Steering -future design Creates gratifying and memorable experiences.Usability rating standards and procedure of ratingPurpose of this pilot is observation dues to the issue and to prove the method of informations aggregation and prove the serviceability rating model. Whereas those related to the chief aim of this survey are to research and detect the behavior activities of user experience the serviceability of healthcare spacial design from the patient ‘s outlooks and feedback. The rating derived from Voordt 2005 ; 2009, which is an appraisal on healthcare architecture- in usage, utilizing 9 dimension, ( 1 ) range ability and parking installations, ( 2 ) handiness, ( 3 ) efficiency, ( 4 ) flexibleness, ( 5 ) safety, ( 6 ) spacial orientation, ( 7 ) privateness, territoriality and societal contact, ( 8 ) wellness and physical wellbeing and, ( 9 ) Sustainability. This rating adopted from NHS, Achieving Excellence Design Evaluation Toolkit ( AEDET ) : its Post tenancy Evaluation ( POE ) Toolkit with the systematic questionnaire ( Excel-based plan ) related to how edifice performed, provides three cardinal countries ; ( 1 ) functionality- usage, entree and infinite, ( 2 ) impact -character and invention, signifier and stuffs, staff and patient environment, urban and societal integrating, and ( 3 ) build quality and standard public presentation, technology and building ( AEDET development, NHS ; 2010 ) This survey was conducted in a replacing infirmary. A replacing infirmary is a new infirmary built to replace the original infirmary which had been closed or turned into the province wellness section or wellness clinic. Presently there are 11 replacing infirmaries and 9 have been in operation for this survey, and three infirmaries have been selected, in which the infirmary began runing in 2000 and above. It focuses on the northern part of peninsular Malaysia, is due to Lack of research worker survey and concentrate on this country and concentrate on spacial design. Two replacing infirmary been chosen with a different class, territory infirmary with 11 medical subjects and 498 beds and territory infirmary with 250 beds.The 10 respondent from each infirmary been interviewed during the walkthrough procedure due to the limited country within anteroom, parking country, outpatient country and entree to specialist clinic. The serviceability appraisal method is suited for usage in the appraisal cause the deficiency of qualitative appraisal, which in-depth focal points on patient experience and outlook. Furthermore, Usability is the measurement methods related to human factors, which is focused on understanding benefits and restrictions of the human organic structure and associated with the direction and usage of Facilities and environment. This geographic expedition pilot survey is to cognize the easiness of usage and how the system matches with the existent state of affairss which focus on: Patient experience and outlook to spacial design characteristics: Flexibility of design attaches to serve waiting process inclusive the factors effectual and efficient standards that contribute to their satisfaction. Chemical reaction and feedback of the patient journey experience through the spacial design environment and orientation start from the handiness aspect to make the service or their ends. This appraisal it has been use to happen the standards for the chief instance surveies ‘ appraisals. The methods of roll uping informations used in this survey are walkthrough observation and unstructured interviews of patients and visitants journey experience. In the early serviceability trial, study had been behavior, but the consequence finds merely fewer respondents want to be involved in that study. Therefore, those two methods of roll uping informations had been chosen and more answering action to the interview. As we mentioned the walkthrough and interview method had been chosen in this information aggregation technique. It had done cause deficiency of dependable appraisal method that thoroughly observes and identifies the user ‘s action from their experience the existent thing. Acknowledging the demand for a conjunct response to what had been design or been using from the direction or the medical contriver. Walkthrough observation behaviour activities by watching people use their environment and activities related to spatial-relationship and surrounding. It has done by analyses of the infinite and motions â€Å" tour † of the edifice measuring different qualities of maps of environment. In the same clip Interviews had used to back up worlds without upseting their activities. Interviews utile to back up behavior reaction, and we will cognize in-depth information around the subject and related issue. Those methods being used to cognize the expected utilizations, new utilizations and abuses of design, recognized demands by acquiring the narrative behind a participant ‘s experiences.Usability issues from pilotDuring the pilot, there are few cardinal inquiries of interview and observation standards related to how users experience the spacial design. It is reflecting to the chief research inquiries of the surveies: How the serviceability of spacial design can act upon the health care spacial design in order to bring forth choice architectural in-use? Why the patients concern on their procedure of journey experience and how their outlook from the spacial design to reflect support to the manner it used by them? The specific cardinal inquiries for this chief interview are: How do you experience about this infinite? Why its of import? How your experience utilizing all the installations along your journey experience and are those installations easy be used? What do you believe of this infinite and are the installations needs betterment? You want to travel where and from where? How about you ‘re experiencing and what your outlook from this experience? What are the jobs you encounter to that country? Keys of observation during visitants or patients walking into the mark country by placing any mistakes: How a respondent identified the space- utilizing signage/ map/ inquiring person. Chemical reaction to any of the serviceability issues highlighted by them. Chemical reactions of household, kids, friends who accompany patients to those above standards. The decision in this little pilot survey, we identified several serviceability jobs explains the position of patients and visitants to their experience in hospital spacial design and the account of serviceability standards in table 2. Table 2: Patient experience and outlook to healthcare design and installations provided.Pilot survey 1 & A ; 2: Quality in-useUsability issues-from interview sessionUsability standards agencies[ aˆÂ ¦ ] Do n't cognize how to travel to the cafe and other area/space and every clip to happen an country, we will inquire the security guard or receptionist. I ca n't read, I merely can acknowledge the topographic point if the signage got image or symbol. My kid is already tired, they want to travel drama†¦ †¦ but in the chief land floor†¦ afraid to allow them travel†¦ I ca n't see from here aˆÂ ¦the inside is excessively world-weary and that ‘s no topographic point for childs to play or making others activities. There ‘s non adequate sitting unit, the puting it ‘s excessively difficult and the agreement of puting unit it ‘s difficult for me to pass on with each others. Waiting so long but it ‘s nil to make and I like to wait in the anteroom aˆÂ ¦.can see the people, landscape†¦ . and it ‘s so deadening sit in a topographic point that uncle received intervention, merely watching Television†¦ Feel non safe aˆÂ ¦walking through stairway aˆÂ ¦ lower limit of light entree and the country are closed. It possible if the bannister attaches to the wall -it ‘s easy for me to walk and rest for a minute aˆÂ ¦ I ‘m already old Handiness Learn ability -Landmark Memorability Way finding-Signage system Space orientation -distance and relationship Landmark Functions Well being- Emotion Physical Comfort Bored Friendly infinite Entertainment- divert activities privateness, territoriality and societal contact ; Reach ability Physical support flexibleness of design demand for disableThe differences issues from two instancesUsability standards agenciesPilot 1:Sekarang hujanaˆÂ ¦.daripada tempat letak kereta ke entryway takde bumbung. The lavatory is clean but the door is really heavy for me with wheel chair aˆÂ ¦nice if there were separate male and female spaceaˆÂ ¦ experience more comfortableaˆÂ ¦tired waiting for my ma at that place no H2O ice chest? Aesthetic elements Design visual aspect Ambient Safety componentPilot 2:Kawasan untuk anak2 ade tapiaˆÂ ¦.tak menarik dan tiada permainan -ruang jeraˆÂ ¦kecil sangat pulak tu Kawasan menunggu khat luar ni panas emmmmaˆÂ ¦tiada peneduh dan pokok2 kenapa La takde pokok besar aˆÂ ¦.bolehlah kami rehat aˆÂ ¦.tengoklah kerusi banyakaˆÂ ¦tapi dash rosak -sakit lak tu kalu tunggu lama aˆÂ ¦uhhh bosannyer..nasib baik ade television aˆÂ ¦kalau tunggu khat kedai kopi lagi best boleh sembang-sembang The decision from the two instances we findded that most of the issue higligted aˆÂ ¦related to demands of household membersaˆÂ ¦..and concern their activitive. Hence to deviate their feeling of menunggu terlalu lamaaˆÂ ¦.dan keaadaan sitting country juga memainkan peranan aˆÂ ¦budaya aˆÂ ¦.suka bersembangaˆÂ ¦..lelakiaˆÂ ¦..dan terdapt spiritual and privateness aˆÂ ¦.concern ceperate aˆÂ ¦araea between adult male and adult females Even though from that serviceability issues, in this pilot survey besides we can reason there are several standards impacting that serviceability and influence the respondent satisfaction, which are an outlook of effectual and efficient standards from the service or design. ( Table 3 explains the influences of serviceability standards ) . Table 3: The procedure of patient and visitants experiencePatient Procedure: terminal users experience – outpatient service and what service provided?Patient phase outpatient / to specialist clinic service work flowFirst service Presentment the measure Appointment Expectation Physical journey to clinic Waiting – experience Appointment & A ; follow up CoatingWhat Patients need to cognizeAccessibility and reach ability facet before enter? Where to travel & amp ; referred? How its work – How easy to happen & amp ; familiar, how long it takes to make? When, where, how, what outlook When, where, how, what expected How to acquire at that place? What expected? What to do/ How long? What can I/kids/elderly/ immature people do? direction & A ; action What should I make next? after / following assignment Where to travel?What Patients need to cognizeFirst service Presentment the measure Expectation enrollment outlook Waiting – experience Physical journey to guard Target country experiencepatient/visitors stage to inpatient country service work flowAccessibility & A ; reach ability facet before enter? Where to travel. How its work – Familiar of the infinite, how long it takes to make the country. When, where, how, what outlook When, where, how, what expected How to acquire at that place? What expected? When will be called? What can I/kids/elderly/ immature people do? Their feeling/action Instruction & A ; action. Spatial design/ environment and ambient What should I make next? After / following assignment – Where to travel? { 10pt infinite }Discussion{ 10pt infinite } In drumhead, we explore that serviceability principles is human factors. It is a reaction between the applications or proviso of service provided to the user, whether it is good or non.As good as the serviceability parametric quantity is defined the effectivity is, whether the design or installations provided effectual and good to consumers in full and run into the outlook. While Efficiency is related to something that is easy accessible, do non take excessively long to be resolved and it is related to clip and distance. This issue is non often been raise compared to effectiveness standards. Satisfaction is a grade or value of satisfaction related to the both parametric quantities. But all the serviceability standards depend on the background, their physical status and their state of affairs. { 10pt infinite }

Stefan’s Diaries: The Craving Chapter 8

I found Damon dancing with Hilda, ushering her around the dance floor with the lightest touch. Wherever his fingers touched she bent, curling into him a trifle more than was acceptable and falling against him more than was necessary. Other girls looked on enviously, clearly hoping to dance with him next. He pretended to devote all his attention to the poor girl, but glanced up just long enough to shoot me a dazzling smile. I waited impatiently for the dance to end, wishing I could compel the musicians to stop. But whatever Damon's powers of compulsion, mine were severely lacking thanks to my meager diet. As soon as the last beat was played, I marched up to my brother. â€Å"Oh, I'm sorry, did you want to†¦ ?† he asked, innocently, indicating Hilda. â€Å"Because I'm sure she will. If you'd like her to.† Hilda studied her dance card, the picture of confusion. â€Å"Let's go get a drink,† I said, taking him by the elbow. â€Å"Exactly what I was thinking,† he agreed, mock-seriously. He snapped his fingers, as if at a dog. â€Å"Hilda†¦ ?† â€Å"Leave her alone,† I ordered. Damon rolled his eyes. â€Å"Fine. A waiter will do just as well.† But he allowed me to place an iron grip on his arm and guide him through the crowd, past the refreshment room, through a library and into a poorly lit study. â€Å"What the hell are you doing here?† I demanded the moment we were alone. â€Å"Trying to enjoy myself,† Damon said, throwing his hands up in mock exasperation. He dropped his accent immediately. â€Å"Did you see the spread? The salmon's from Scotland. And Adelina Patti is here, too – Father would have just died. Oh wait.† He snapped his fingers. â€Å"He did die. You murdered him, in fact.† â€Å"Only after he tried to kill us,† I pointed out, clenching my fists. â€Å"Correction: after he succeeded in shooting both of us. We're dead, brother.† Damon grinned at me. He was circling me. Casually, as if he didn't mean to, as if he was just walking around idly, making conversation while admiring the decor. It reminded me of how he'd paced the ring at the circus back in New Orleans, when Gallagher had forced him to fight the mountain lion. Damon picked up a small statuette and turned it over in his hands, but his eyes stayed locked on mine. I squared my shoulders, feeling the predator's response as he challenged my personal space. â€Å"I'm asking you again, Damon: What are you doing here?† â€Å"Same thing as you, brother. Starting a new life, far from home, and war, and tragedy, and all of those other things immigrants like us are escaping. New York is where the action is. I figured if it's good enough for my brother, it's good enough for me, too.† â€Å"So you did follow me,† I said. â€Å"How?† â€Å"You stink,† Damon said. â€Å"Don't act surprised! It's not just you. Everyone stinks. We're hunters, Stefan. About halfway up the coast, it wasn't hard to figure out where you decided to go after New Orleans. I just made sure I got here first. There isn't a train yet that can beat me on a horse. Well, several horses. A couple of them died of exhaustion. Like your poor, poor Mezzanotte.† â€Å"Why, Damon?† I said, ignoring his casual cruelty. â€Å"Why follow me here?† Damon's eyes narrowed and a flash of rage shot through them, exploding from the hidden depths of his soul. â€Å"I told you I was going to torment you for the eternity you blessed me with, Stefan. Did you think I would break my promise so quickly?† I was used to Damon's fits of pique. His anger had always been like a summer storm, quick and violent, causing damage to anyone or anything nearby – and then it was over and he was buying a round at the tavern. But this fury was new, and it was all because of me. I averted my eyes so he couldn't see the pain and guilt written there. â€Å"What do you want with Lydia? What does she have to do with anything?† â€Å"Ah, Lydia,† Damon sighed, infusing his voice with pretend longing. â€Å"Charming, isn't she? Definitely the best catch of the three sisters. Not that Margaret doesn't have her own charms, of course, but she's a bit sarcastic for my tastes, and, well, married.† He shook his head. â€Å"But then there's Bridget. Such a lively girl! Such verve!† â€Å"†¦ anyone seen Stefan?† As if on cue, we could both pick out her whining, childish soprano from four rooms away. â€Å"†¦ and such an irritating voice,† Damon finished, wincing. â€Å"First thing I would do, brother, is compel her to silence. You'd be doing the world a favor.† I clenched my jaw. â€Å"You were obviously involved with the Sutherlands long before we crossed paths here.† â€Å"Oh was I?† Damon asked. He put down the small statue he had been holding and turned it this way and that on the desk, as if deciding which way it looked best. â€Å"Poor girl was getting soaked – did she tell you the story? She loves it. For all of her pretending to be hard-nosed, she's a weak-kneed romantic as bad as the rest of them. A sudden storm out of nowhere, a dry cab for Lydia†¦ rich, rich Lydia†¦ with a sheltered upbringing and open, welcoming family.† â€Å"Oh, you are a master of subtlety. Controlling men's fates,† I said, rolling my eyes at Damon's preening. â€Å"I am a master. Who do you think left Bridget for you to find?† he demanded. He stuck his face toward my own so that our noses almost touched. â€Å"Who do you think wounded her – just enough – for poor, old, predictable Stefan to find? Stefan, who's sworn off drinking from humans, who I just knew would rescue the damsel in distress rather than finish her off.† A cold chill crept up my spine. â€Å"And then of course I compelled the entire family to welcome you and take you in,† he finished with a careless wave of his hand, as if it had been nothing. A sense of resignation and understanding flooded my body. Of course he had compelled the family. The Sutherlands' easy acceptance of me into their home had rankled me, and I should have realized earlier that something was hugely amiss. How did a man of Winfield's stature let a stranger, a vagrant, into his home, and never ask anything about his family or acquaintances? A man of his kind of wealth had to be careful about whom he allowed to get close. And Mrs. Sutherland – she was such a cautious mother, yet she allowed me to escort her and her daughter on a walk in the park. Though this was hardly the time, I couldn't help but wonder if her seeming affection for me had been true, or if it all had been due to Damon's Power. â€Å"What do you want, Damon?† I asked again. Here we were, back in the thick of it, but this time I understood just how dangerous my brother was and just how far he'd go to get revenge on me. â€Å"Nothing terrible, Stefan!† he said, grinning and stepping back, throwing his hands in the air. â€Å"But think of it! Me with Lydia wrapped around my finger. You with the adoring Bridget†¦. We'll marry the sisters and, just as you always hoped, we'll be brothers again for eternity – or at least as long as they live.† â€Å"I'm not marrying Bridget,† I blurted out. â€Å"Yes, you are,† Damon said. â€Å"No, I'm not,† I repeated. â€Å"I'm leaving New York. Tonight.† â€Å"You are staying here and marrying Bridget,† Damon said, coming to within an inch of my face, â€Å"or I will start to kill all the people in this place, one by one.† He was deadly serious, all traces of cavalier, joking, devil-may-care Damon gone. The smoldering anger was back. â€Å"You can't do that,† I growled. â€Å"Even you aren't strong enough to take down an entire ballroom.† â€Å"Oh really?† He snapped his fingers over his shoulder. A maid appeared from the next room, as if waiting for his signal. She already had a kerchief tied around her neck from where he had fed on her previously. He gestured with his chin at the window, and she gamely went over and began to unbolt the latches. â€Å"I can compel Bridget and her entire stupid entourage in there to go jump off a balcony,† Damon growled. â€Å"I don't believe you,† I said as calmly as I could. Only Lexi seemed able to control more than one person at once. And Damon wasn't nearly as old as she. â€Å"Or I can stalk them one by one and rip their throats out,† he offered instead. â€Å"It makes no difference to me.† The maid stepped up onto the sill and began to climb onto the rail. â€Å"Bastard,† I murmured, rushing over to grab the poor girl before she killed herself. â€Å"Get out of here,† I growled at her, unsure if I was compelling her or not. Suddenly she looked confused and scared, the spell broken. She bolted out of the room, sniffling. â€Å"Why?† I demanded when she had gone. â€Å"Why do you want to marry Lydia? Why is it so important that I marry her sister?† â€Å"If I have to live forever, I might as well do it in style,† Damon said, shrugging. â€Å"I'm sick of living from person to person, meal to meal, having no place to call home. When I marry Lydia, I'll be rich. A houseful of servants to attend to my every whim†¦ to feed my every need,† he leered. I wasn't sure he was just talking about blood. â€Å"Or, I could just take the money and run. Either way, I'll be a lot better off than I am now. Winfield is swimming in money.† â€Å"Why involve me?† I asked, feeling weary. â€Å"Why not just go off and do whatever it is you need to do, ruining people's lives?† â€Å"Let's just say I have my reasons.† Damon flashed me a harlequin's grin. I shook my head in exasperation. Just past the door of the study, a couple walked arm in arm through the library, in search of a quiet place to talk. Beyond them were the happy noises of the dancing throng, laughing conversations, the tap of heels on the floor. I watched distractedly, picking out Winfield's booming voice as he lectured someone on the basic tenets of capitalism. â€Å"What will you do with them?† I asked. With Damon as son-in-law, Winfield Sutherland's life expectancy had just been drastically reduced – and Lydia's as well. â€Å"Once I have their money? Pfff. I don't know,† Damon said, throwing his hand up in the air. â€Å"I hear San Francisco is fairly exciting – or maybe I'll just go and take that grand tour in Europe you'd always dreamed of.† â€Å"Damon – † I began. â€Å"Or I could just live here, like the king I do so want to be,† he continued, cutting me off. â€Å"Enjoying myself†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I had a horrible image of Damon satisfying his every carnal desire in the Sutherland household. â€Å"I won't let you do this,† I said urgently. â€Å"Why do you care?† Damon asked. â€Å"I mean, it wasn't me tearing through New Orleans†¦. What was your body count toward the end there, brother?† â€Å"I've changed,† I pointed out, looking him in the eye. â€Å"Yes, of course,† he said. â€Å"Just like that. Whatever could have†¦ oh!† He grinned. â€Å"It's Lydia, isn't it? Once again following in my footsteps, brother. Everything I have you just want. Like Katherine.† â€Å"I never loved Katherine. Not the way you did.† I was attracted to her, of course – who wouldn't have been? She was beautiful, charming, and a terrible flirt. Damon hadn't minded her dark side, and in fact seemed to appreciate it. But when I was with her under her heady spell, I just wanted to ignore her vampire side. And when the vervain cleared my thoughts I was repelled by what she was. All of my feelings, deep feelings, for her, had been the stuff of glamour. For Damon, it was all real. â€Å"And I don't love Lydia,† I said. â€Å"But that doesn't mean I want to see her – or anyone – hurt.† â€Å"Then you do exactly as I say, brother, and everyone will be fine. But if you step out of line, even once†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Damon dragged a finger across his throat. â€Å"Then their blood will be on your hands.† For a long moment, all was silent as Damon and I glared at each other. I had vowed to never harm a human again, to never allow a human to come to harm because of me. I was trapped as neatly and as permanently as if I were still a sideshow vampire at a circus, tied with vervain ropes – and Damon knew it. I heaved a sigh. â€Å"What do you want me to do?†